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1.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 94(3): 258-267, May-June 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-954614

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective Since the present group had already described the composition of the intestinal microbiota of Brazilian infants under low social economic level, the aim of the present study was to analyze the microbial community structure changes in this group of infants during their early life due to external factors. Methods Fecal samples were collected from 11 infants monthly during the first year of life. The infants were followed regarding clinical and diet information and characterized according to breastfeeding practices. DNA was extracted from fecal samples of each child and subjected to Polymerase Chain Reaction - Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis. Results The results revealed a pattern of similarity between the time points for those who were on exclusive breastfeeding or predominant breastfeeding. Although there were changes in intensity and fluctuation of some bands, the Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis patterns in the one-year microbial analysis were stable for breastfeeding children. There was uninterrupted ecological succession despite the influence of external factors, such as complementary feeding and antibiotic administration, suggesting microbiota resilience. This was not observed for those children who had mixed feeding and introduction of solid food before the 5th month of life. Conclusion These results suggested an intestinal microbiota pattern resilient to external forces, due to the probiotic and prebiotic effects of exclusive breastfeeding, reinforcing the importance of exclusive breastfeeding until the 6th month of life.


Resumo Objetivo Como nosso grupo já havia descrito a composição da microbiota intestinal de neonatos brasileiros em baixo nível socioeconômico, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar alterações estruturais da comunidade microbiana desse grupo de neonatos no início de sua vida devido a fatores externos. Métodos Amostras fecais foram coletadas mensalmente de 11 neonatos durante o primeiro ano de vida. Os neonatos foram acompanhados com relação a informações clínicas e nutricionais e caracterizados de acordo com práticas de amamentação. O DNA foi extraído das amostras fecais de cada criança e submetido a análise através da técnica de Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase - Eletroforese em Gel de Gradiente Desnaturante. Resultados Os resultados revelaram um padrão de similaridade entre seus próprios pontos temporais em indivíduos em aleitamento materno exclusivo ou predominante. Apesar de variações na intensidade e flutuação de algumas bandas, o padrão Eletroforese em Gel de Gradiente Desnaturante na análise microbiana de um ano foi estável em crianças em aleitamento materno. Houve sucessão ecológica ininterrupta apesar da influência de fatores externos, como alimentação complementar e administração de antibióticos, sugeriu resiliência da microbiota. Isso não foi observado nas crianças com alimentação heterogênea e introdução de alimentos sólidos antes do quinto mês de vida. Conclusão Nossos resultados sugerem um padrão de microbiota intestinal resiliente a forças externas, devido a efeitos probióticos e prebióticos do aleitamento materno exclusivo, reforçam a importância do aleitamento materno exclusivo até o sexto mês de vida.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Bacteria/immunology , Breast Feeding , Feces/microbiology , Intestines/microbiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Bacteria/drug effects , Bacteria/genetics , RNA, Bacterial/analysis , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/analysis , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Electrophoresis, Agar Gel
2.
Clinics ; 72(3): 154-160, Mar. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-840058

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Changes in the neonatal gut environment allow for the colonization of the mucin layer and lumen by anaerobic bacteria. The aim of the present study was to evaluate Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Lactococcus colonization through the first year of life in a group of 12 Brazilian infants and to correlate these data with the levels of Escherichia coli. The presence of anaerobic members of the adult intestinal microbiota, including Eubacterium limosum and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, was also evaluated. METHODS: Fecal samples were collected during the first year of life, and 16S rRNA from anaerobic and facultative bacteria was detected by real-time PCR. RESULTS: Bifidobacterium was present at the highest levels at all of the studied time points, followed by E. coli and Lactobacillus. E. limosum was rarely detected, and F. prausnitzii was detected only in the samples from the latest time points. CONCLUSION: These results are consistent with reports throughout the world on the community structure of the intestinal microbiota in infants fed a milk diet. Our findings also provide evidence for the influence of the environment on intestinal colonization due to the high abundance of E. coli. The presence of important anaerobic genera was observed in Brazilian infants living at a low socioeconomic level, a result that has already been well established for infants living in developed countries.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Bacteria, Anaerobic/isolation & purification , Feces/microbiology , Gastrointestinal Microbiome , Intestines/microbiology , Reference Values , Time Factors , Bacteria, Anaerobic/genetics , Bifidobacterium/isolation & purification , Bifidobacterium/genetics , Brazil , DNA, Bacterial , Age Factors , Bacterial Load , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Lactobacillus/isolation & purification , Lactobacillus/genetics
3.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 47(supl.1): 3-30, Oct.-Dec. 2016.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-839325

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Most Escherichia coli strains live harmlessly in the intestines and rarely cause disease in healthy individuals. Nonetheless, a number of pathogenic strains can cause diarrhea or extraintestinal diseases both in healthy and immunocompromised individuals. Diarrheal illnesses are a severe public health problem and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in infants and young children, especially in developing countries. E. coli strains that cause diarrhea have evolved by acquiring, through horizontal gene transfer, a particular set of characteristics that have successfully persisted in the host. According to the group of virulence determinants acquired, specific combinations were formed determining the currently known E. coli pathotypes, which are collectively known as diarrheagenic E. coli. In this review, we have gathered information on current definitions, serotypes, lineages, virulence mechanisms, epidemiology, and diagnosis of the major diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Diarrhea/diagnosis , Diarrhea/microbiology , Escherichia coli/classification , Escherichia coli/physiology , Escherichia coli Infections/diagnosis , Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology , Prevalence , Virulence Factors/genetics , Diarrhea/epidemiology , Escherichia coli/pathogenicity , Escherichia coli Infections/epidemiology
5.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 47(supl.1): 03-30, Oct.-Dec. 2016.
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1469632

ABSTRACT

Most Escherichia coli strains live harmlessly in the intestines and rarely cause disease in healthy individuals. Nonetheless, a number of pathogenic strains can cause diarrhea or extraintestinal diseases both in healthy and immunocompromised individuals. Diarrheal illnesses are a severe public health problem and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in infants and young children, especially in developing countries. E. coli strains that cause diarrhea have evolved by acquiring, through horizontal gene transfer, a particular set of characteristics that have successfully persisted in the host. According to the group of virulence determinants acquired, specific combinations were formed determining the currently known E. coli pathotypes, which are collectively known as diarrheagenic E. coli. In this review, we have gathered information on current definitions, serotypes, lineages, virulence mechanisms, epidemiology, and diagnosis of the major diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes.


Subject(s)
Diarrhea/diagnosis , Diarrhea/epidemiology , Escherichia coli/pathogenicity , Escherichia coli Infections/epidemiology
8.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1469620

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Most Escherichia coli strains live harmlessly in the intestines and rarely cause disease in healthy individuals. Nonetheless, a number of pathogenic strains can cause diarrhea or extraintestinal diseases both in healthy and immunocompromised individuals. Diarrheal illnesses are a severe public health problem and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in infants and young children, especially in developing countries. E. coli strains that cause diarrhea have evolved by acquiring, through horizontal gene transfer, a particular set of characteristics that have successfully persisted in the host. According to the group of virulence determinants acquired, specific combinations were formed determining the currently known E. coli pathotypes, which are collectively known as diarrheagenic E. coli. In this review, we have gathered information on current definitions, serotypes, lineages, virulence mechanisms, epidemiology, and diagnosis of the major diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes.

9.
Clinics ; 67(2): 113-123, 2012. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-614634

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The establishment of the intestinal microbiota in newborns is a critical period with possible long-term consequences for human health. In this research, the development of the fecal microbiota of a group of exclusively breastfed neonates living in low socio-economic conditions in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, during the first month of life, was studied. METHODS: Fecal samples were collected from ten neonates on the second, seventh, and 30th days after birth. One of the neonates underwent antibiotic therapy. Molecular techniques were used for analysis; DNA was extracted from the samples, and 16S rRNA libraries were sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed after construction. A real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed on the samples taken from the 30th day to amplify DNA from Bifidobacterium sp. RESULTS: The primary phylogenetic groups identified in the samples were Escherichia and Clostridium. Staphylococcus was identified at a low rate. Bifidobacterium sp. was detected in all of the samples collected on the 30th day. In the child who received antibiotics, a reduction in anaerobes and Escherichia, which was associated with an overgrowth of Klebsiella, was observed throughout the experimental period. CONCLUSION: The observed pattern of Escherichia predominance and reduced Staphylococcus colonization is in contrast with the patterns observed in neonates living in developed countries.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Breast Feeding , Bacteria/isolation & purification , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Feces/microbiology , Intestines/microbiology , /genetics , Brazil , Bacteria/classification , Bacteria/genetics , Bifidobacterium/genetics , Bifidobacterium/isolation & purification , Colony Count, Microbial , Clostridium/genetics , Clostridium/isolation & purification , Escherichia coli/genetics , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Poverty , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Staphylococcus/genetics , Staphylococcus/isolation & purification
10.
Psicol. Caribe ; (27): 136-159, jun. 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-635815

ABSTRACT

El presente estudio indaga sobre la presencia de una teoría esencialista como base de la categorización social de la pobreza, en una muestra intencional de doce niños entre cuatro y siete años de edad, de nivel socioeconómico alto y bajo de la ciudad de Barranquilla. Se presentan los resultados de la etapa exploratoria de la investigación, en la cual se utilizaron técnicas cualitativas. El análisis de las categorías, establecidas inductivamente a partir de las respuestas, sugiere que aunque la categoría social de pobreza está claramente establecida, no se identifican ideas esencialistas subyacentes, por lo cual la propuesta piagetin es la que mejor explica los hallazgos.


This study searches for the presence of an essentialist theory as a basis for social categorization of poverty, in a purposive sample of twelve children between 4 and 7 years old, from high and low socioeconomic levels in the city of Barranquilla. We present the results of the exploratory stage of research, which used qualitative techniques. The analysis of the emerging categories of children's responses, suggests that the social category of poverty is well established, but it has no essentialist ideas underlying. Piaget's theory better explains the findings.

11.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 87(1): 70-75, jan.-fev. 2011. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-576132

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Identificar os sorotipos de pneumococo mais frequentemente isolados de crianças internadas com pneumonia invasiva, comparar os sorotipos com os incluídos em vacinas conjugadas e analisar sua sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos mais utilizados na faixa etária pediátrica. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo, retrospectivo das pneumonias pneumocócicas identificadas em crianças internadas no hospital universitário da Universidade de São Paulo, no período de janeiro de 2003 a outubro de 2008. Os critérios de inclusão foram: faixa etária de 29 dias até 15 anos incompletos com diagnóstico clínico e radiológico de pneumonia e com cultura de sangue e/ou líquido pleural com crescimento de Streptococcus pneumoniae. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídas no estudo 107 crianças. Os sorotipos mais frequentes foram: 14 (36,5 por cento), 1 (16,7 por cento), 5 (14,6 por cento), 6B (6,3 por cento) e 3 (4,2 por cento). A proporção de sorotipos contidos na vacina conjugada heptavalente seria de 53,1 por cento, na vacina 10-valente de 86,5 por cento e na 13-valente seria de 96,9 por cento. De acordo com os padrões do Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2008, 100 cepas (93,5 por cento) de pneumococos foram sensíveis à penicilina (concentração inibitória mínima, CIM < 2 µg/mL), 7 cepas (6,5 por cento) com resistência intermediária (CIM = 4 µg/mL) e nenhuma com resistência (CIM > 8 µg/mL). Verificamos alta taxa de sensibilidade para as cepas testadas para vancomicina, rifampicina, ceftriaxone, clindamicina, cloranfenicol e eritromicina. CONCLUSÕES: Nossos resultados confirmam um expressivo impacto potencial das vacinas conjugadas, principalmente pela 10-valente e 13-valente, sobre os casos de pneumonias invasivas. Os resultados de sensibilidade à penicilina evidenciam que a opção terapêutica de escolha para o tratamento das pneumonias invasivas continua sendo a penicilina.


OBJECTIVES: To identify the most common pneumococcal serotypes in children hospitalized with invasive pneumonia, correlate isolated serotypes with those included in conjugate vaccines, and ascertain the sensitivity of the isolated pneumococcal strains to penicillin and other antibiotics. METHODS: From January 2003 to October 2008, a retrospective study of hospitalized children with a diagnosis of Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia was conducted at the university hospital of Universidade de São Paulo. Criteria for inclusion were: age greater than 29 days and less than 15 years, radiological and clinical diagnosis of pneumonia, and isolation of Streptococcus pneumoniae in blood cultures and/or pleural effusion. RESULTS: The study included 107 children. The most common serotypes were 14 (36.5 percent), 1 (16 percent), 5 (14.6 percent), 6B (6.3 percent) and 3 (4.2 percent). The proportion of identified serotypes contained in the heptavalent, 10-valent and 13-valent conjugate vaccines was 53.1, 86.5, and 96.9 percent, respectively. Pneumococcal strains were sensitive to penicillin (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC < 2 µg/mL) in 100 cases (93.5 percent) and displayed intermediate resistance (MIC = 4 µg/mL) in 7 cases (6.5 percent). No strains were penicillin-resistant (MIC > 8 µg/mL) according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2008 standards. Tested isolates were highly sensitive to vancomycin, rifampicin, ceftriaxone, clindamycin, erythromycin, and chloramphenicol. CONCLUSIONS: Our results confirm a significant potential impact of conjugate vaccines, mainly 10-valent and 13-valent, on invasive pneumonia. Furthermore, susceptibility testing results show that penicillin is still the treatment of choice for invasive pneumonia in our setting.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/microbiology , Streptococcus pneumoniae/genetics , Brazil , Hospitals, University , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Penicillins/pharmacology , Pneumococcal Vaccines/immunology , Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/drug therapy , Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/immunology , Retrospective Studies , Serotyping , Streptococcus pneumoniae/drug effects , Streptococcus pneumoniae/immunology
12.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 105(6): 786-791, Sept. 2010. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-560663

ABSTRACT

Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) and Shigellaspp cause bacillary dysentery in humans by invading and multiplying within epithelial cells of the colonic mucosa. Although EIEC and Shigellashare many genetic and biochemical similarities, the illness caused by Shigellais more severe. Thus, genomic and structure-function molecular studies on the biological interactions of these invasive enterobacteria with eukaryotic cells have focused on Shigella rather than EIEC. Here we comparatively studied the interactions of EIEC and of Shigella flexneriwith cultured J774 macrophage-like cells. We evaluated several phenotypes: (i) bacterial escape from macrophages after phagocytosis, (ii) macrophage death induced by EIEC and S. flexneri, (iii) macrophage cytokine expression in response to infection and (iv) expression of plasmidial (pINV) virulence genes. The results showed thatS. flexneri caused macrophage killing earlier and more intensely than EIEC. Both pathogens induced significant macrophage production of TNF, IL-1 and IL-10 after 7 h of infection. Transcription levels of the gene invasion plasmid antigen-C were lower in EIEC than in S. flexneri throughout the course of the infection; this could explain the diminished virulence of EIEC compared to S. flexneri.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cytokines , Escherichia coli , Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial/immunology , Macrophages , Shigella flexneri , Virulence Factors/biosynthesis , Cell Death , Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay , Escherichia coli , Genes, Bacterial , Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Shigella flexneri , Virulence Factors
13.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 101(8): 875-880, Dec. 2006. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-440575

ABSTRACT

Strains of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are responsible for significant rates of morbidity and mortality among children, particularly in developing countries. The majority of clinical and public health laboratories are capable of isolating and identifying Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 from stool samples, but ETEC cannot be identified by routine methods. The method most often used to identify ETEC is polymerase chain reaction for heat-stable and heat-labile enterotoxin genes, and subsequent serotyping, but most clinical and public health laboratories do not have the capacity or resources to perform these tests. In this study, polyclonal rabbit and monoclonal mouse IgG2b antibodies against ETEC heat-labile toxin-I (LT) were characterized and the potential applicability of a capture assay was analyzed. IgG-enriched fractions from rabbit polyclonal and the IgG2b monoclonal antibodies recognized LT in a conformational shape and they were excellent tools for detection of LT-producing strains. These findings indicate that the capture immunoassay could be used as a diagnostic assay of ETEC LT-producing strains in routine diagnosis and in epidemiological studies of diarrhea in developing countries as enzyme linked immunosorbent assay techniques remain as effective and economical choice for the detection of specific pathogen antigens in cultures.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Child , Mice , Rabbits , Antibodies, Monoclonal/biosynthesis , Bacterial Toxins/immunology , Enterotoxins/biosynthesis , Escherichia coli/immunology , Immunoglobulin G/biosynthesis , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Enterotoxins/genetics , Enterotoxins/immunology , Escherichia coli/genetics , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Immunoglobulin G , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Serotyping
14.
Arq. ciênc. saúde ; 12(3): 154-158, jul.-set. 2005.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-450910

ABSTRACT

A bactéria Stenotrophomonas maltophilia está ocupando papel importante no cenário das infecções hospitalares.É considerada patógeno emergente, sendo responsável por elevada morbi-letalidade, principalmente em pacientes sob terapia imunossupressora ou antibioticoterapia prolongada e de amplo espectro. Outros fatores de risco significativos incluem: longo tempo de internação, procedimentos invasivos, idade avançada e procedimento cirúrgico prévio. O tratamento dessas infecções tem sido objeto de preocupação, uma vez que a bactéria exibe resistência intrínseca à maioria dos antimicrobianos disponíveis, caracterizando-se assim como microrganismo multirresistente. Metodologias de tipagem fenotípica e genotípica têm sido utilizadas na tentativa de definir padrões de transmissão e disseminação intra- e inter-hospitalar, e na comunidade. Nesse contexto, a metodologia molecular é considerada o recurso técnico mais promissor no estabelecimento da epidemiologia desse importante patógeno


Subject(s)
Cross Infection/epidemiology , Cross Infection/microbiology , Molecular Epidemiology , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Stenotrophomonas maltophilia , Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique/methods
15.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 35(1/2): 74-80, Jan.-Jun. 2004. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-388801

ABSTRACT

No presente estudo, foi encontrado polimorfismo no gene ipa em cinco sorotipos de EIEC, de nove estudados. Quando enzimas de restrição SalI e HindII foram utilizadas no ensaio de PCR-RFLP, amostras de EIEC apresentaram polimorfismo em ipaB e ipaD. Por outro lado, não foram observados polimorfismos nos genes ipaA e ipaC nestas cepas, quando diversas enzimas de restrição foram utilizadas. O polimorfismo presente em cepas de EIEC é sorotipo-dependente, uma vez que os padrões de restrição foram conservados entre as cepas pertencentes ao mesmo sorotipo. Quando a seqüência deduzida de aminoácidos de IpaB de S. flexneri M90T e FBC124-13 foram comparadas, mudanças foram observadas em dez aminoácidos na região amino-terminal. A seqüência deduzida de aminoácidos de IpaD de EIEC apresentou similaridade de 91 per center com a cepa de Shigella. Neste caso, mudanças de aminoácidos ocorreram em toda a estrutura da molécula de IpaD, exceto na região carboxi-terminal.


Subject(s)
Escherichia coli , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Methods
16.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 83(n esp): 53-58, 2004.
Article in English | LILACS, SES-SP, SESSP-IDPCPROD, SES-SP | ID: biblio-1059909

ABSTRACT

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging nosocomial pathogen associated with opportunistic infections in patients with cystic fibrosis, cancer, and HIV. Adherence of this organism to abiotic surfaces such


as medical implants and catheters represents a major risk for hospitalized patients. The adhesive surface factors involved in adherence of these bacteria are largely unknown, and their flagella have not yet been


characterized biochemically and antigenically. We purified and characterized the flagella produced by S. maltophilia clinical strains. The flagella filaments are composed of a 38-kDa subunit, SMFliC, and analysis


of its N-terminal amino acid sequence showed considerable sequence identity to the flagellins of Serratia marcescens (78.6%), Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Shigella sonnei (71.4%), and Pseudomonas


aeruginosa (57.2%). Ultrastructural analysis by scanning electron microscopy of bacteria adhering to plastic showed flagellalike structures within the bacterial clusters, suggesting that flagella are produced as the


bacteria spread on the abiotic surface.


Subject(s)
Eukaryota , Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
17.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 78(1): 31-38, jan.-fev. 2002. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-315126

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar o perfil etiológico das diarréias agudas de um grupo de crianças de baixo nível socioeconômico atendidas em um serviço regional de pronto-atendimento pediátrico. Método: durante dois anos, as crianças com diarréia aguda atendidas durante um horário pré-estabelecido do dia e da semana foram incluídas no estudo. Os outros critérios seletivos eram: a)idade inferior a 5 anos; b)não utilização de antibiótico no mês precedente; c)ausência de viagem para fora da cidade no mês precedente. Foram pesquisados nas fezes: a)rotavírus (imunofluorescência e contra-imunoeletroforese); b)bactérias - cultura em ágar MacConkey, ágar SS, ágar Columbia, verde brilhante, soroaglutinação, detecção de toxinas - INV, LP, SP, SLT I, SLT II, teste de Séreny, detecção de fatores de virulência - EAF, eae, BFP; c)protozoários (Hoffman e Faust). No mesmo período, um grupo controle sem diarréia foi também avaliado para os mesmos patógenos fecais. Resultados: no período de março de 1994 a junho de 1996, foram selecionadas para o estudo 154 crianças com diarréia aguda (GDA) e 42 crianças sem diarréia (GSDA). Foram detectados agentes enteropatogênicos em 112 casos (72,8 por cento) do GDA, e em 9 (21,5 por cento) do GSDA. A associação de dois ou mais enteropatógenos ocorreu em 47 (30,5 por cento) casos do GDA, e em 3 (7,1 por cento) do GSDA. Os patógenos encontrados por caso, do GDA, foram: rotavírus 32 (20,8 por cento), bactérias 53 (34, 4 por cento), ambos 25 (16,2 por cento), e 2 (1,4 por cento) com Giardia lamblia (em um caso associada a rotavírus e noutro à bactéria). No GSDA, foram detectadas bactérias em 8 casos (19,1 por cento), e bactéria associada à Giardia lamblia em 1 (2,4 por cento) caso. Das 105 bactérias isoladas no GDA, 90 eram Escherichia coli (EPEC 27, DAEC 24, ETEC 21, EAEC 18), 12 eram Shigella sp, 2 eram Salmonella sp, e uma era Yersinia sp. As crianças com infecção mista - viral e bacteriana - apresentaram maior ocorrência de vômitos repetidos, desidratação e internação. Conclusões: as bactérias foram os enteropatógenos mais detectados nos casos de diarréia aguda, sendo a Escherichia coli a mais freqüente. Na maior parte, as cepas de Escherichia coli eram de biovariedade não-EPEC, habitualmente não investigadas nos laboratórios de patologia clínica. O rotavírus foi encontrado em grande parcela dos casos, muitas vezes em associação com as bactérias. Os protozoários tiveram importância reduzida


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Bacteria , Diarrhea/etiology
19.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 31(3): 200-5, jul.-set. 2000. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-297398

ABSTRACT

Enteroinvasive "Escherichia coli" strains (EIEC) of different serotypes isolated from patients with acute diarrhea were examined for the ability to produce siderophores and iron-regulated outer membrane proteins (IROMP). For iron starvation cultures were grown at 37ºC in LB supplied with 200(micro)M of (alpha)-(alpha)'dypirydil. All strains produced enterobactin and twelve (40(per cent)) produced aerobactin. The strains showed IROMP varying from 67-82 kDa. Proteins were either induced or stimulated by the iron starvation. Differences were observed in the electrophoretic profile among the serotypes, originating 5 electrophoretic profiles. All serotypes expressed proteins of 82kDa (FepA) and 76 kDa (IutA) (except serotype O28ac:H(-) that did not produce the 76 kDa protein). Several strains (O29:H(-), O144:H(-), 0152:H(-), and O167:H(-)) expressed IutA in the outer membrane, in the abscence of aerobactin production. Additionally to well characterized proteins (FepA and IutA), we found two IROMP of unknown function in some serotypes: a 71 kDa protein was detected in three profiles and a 67 kDa protein was present in serotype O152:H(-). Moreover, two bands (39 and 43 kDa) which were not iron-regulated bound specifically to human lactoferrin


Subject(s)
Humans , Diarrhea , Escherichia coli , Iron , Siderophores , Enterobactin , Membrane Proteins
20.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 74(4): 291-8, jul.-ago. 1998. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-234918

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: A fim de contribuir para um melhor conhecimento da distribuiçäo de agentes etiológicos de diarréia em nosso país, determinou-se a prevalência de enteropatógenos em diarréia aguda de crianças de baixo nível sócio-econômico, moradoras de Säo José do Rio Preto e regiäo. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo prospectivo em 196 crianças com menos de 5 anos de idade com diarréia aguda e em 33 sem diarréia, durante o ano de 1995, antendidas no Ambulatório Pediátrico do Hospital de Base de Säo José do Rio Preto - Hospital de atendimento secundário, ligado à Faculdade de Medicina, que dá assistência gratuita a pacientes da regiäo, cuja maioria é de nível sócio-econômico baixo (renda máxima familiar de 2 salários mínimos). Resultados: Enteropatógenos foram identificados em 48 por cento dos casos e 27 por cento dos controles. Foram isolados dos grupos diarréico, 41 amostras (21 por cento) de shigella sp, com maior prevalência em criançaas maiores de 1 ano (p<0,01). A freqüência de amostras de EPEC foi de 10,7 por cento nos casos. Näo foram obseervadas diferenças significativas quanto à sua distribuiçäo entre as diferentes faixas etárias. A freqüência de Salmonella foi de 5,6 por cento no grupo diarréico, sendo significativamente maior em crianças menores de 2 anos (p<0,05). Os outros patógenos estudados reopresentaram 12 por cento dos patógenos isolados dos casos diarréicos. No grupo controle, amostras de EPEC atípicas representaram 18,2 por cento dos isolados. A análise de distribuiçäo dos enteropatógenos durante as estaçöes do ano mostra que é altamente significativa a distribuiçäo da freqüência dos mesmos nas diferentes estaçöes do ano. Conclusäo: Uma maior prevalência de Shigella e Salmonella na primavera e veräo foi observada, podendo-se concluir que, provavelmente, há uma relaçäo desses patógenos com a temperatura e umidade do meio ambiente. Entre as crianças estudadas, amostras de Shigella e amostras diarreiogênicas de E. coli (EPEC, ETEC, EAggEC, EIEC) foram as bactérias que mais contribuíram como causa de diarréia, durante todo o ano.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Campylobacter , Diarrhea, Infantile/etiology , Escherichia coli , Salmonella , Shigella , Yersinia enterocolitica
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